Structure
Contents
- Add/copy used edge connection types to library
- Improved cover functionality
- Erase timber apex
- Different creep factor for ULS,Sc, Sf and Sq combinations
- Dimensions for bar's cross section
Add/copy used edge connection types to library
From now on all used library elements can be added to the standard library:
- rigidity types
- timber panels
- fire protection material
- reinforcement steel
- PTC strands
Improved cover functionality
Point and line loads
From now on, not only Surface loads, but also Point load and Line load can be distributed on the cover.
Special load distribution method
A new, special load distribution method was implemented that can be applied in case of sub-covers (regions that are sliced by the cover’s supporting structure) and loads that meet some conditions (see details at the end of this chapter). Detailed explanation of the new load distribution method is the following:
- The program calculates the resultant of the sub-cover's load and then calculates the reactions for that sub-cover.
- In case of mono-directional load bearing covers, reactions are calculated as in case of a simply supported beam.
- For bi-directional load bearing covers, the resultant load is divided between the two directions assuming that deflection calculated in both directions must be the same.
Mono-directional load bearing | Bi-directional load bearing |
The settings for this new feature can be found in Settings/Calculation/Cover.
The special distribution will be applied to the sub-cover if the following conditions are met:
- The sub-cover must be rectangular (but its sides one-by-one could contain different supporting elements, such as walls or beams etc.).
- The load on the sub-cover must be a force-a-like load (moments are not applicable).
- The load should be perpendicular to the sub-cover.
- The distributed load on the sub-cover should be partial.
- The resultant of the load on the sub-cover must be a force (if the resultant is a torque or a wrench the special conversion method is inapplicable).
- The line of action of the resultant force must intersect the sub-cover.
- In the inner part of the sub-cover there can’t be any -ting structure, except in case of mono-directional load bearing cover. In this case there can be supporting structure parallel with the load bearing direction.
- In bidirectional load bearing sub-cover case one of the following criteria must be fulfilled:
- All the four edges of the rectangular sub-cover should be supported fully along the lines
- Two opposite edges of the rectangular sub-cover should be fully supported, and the other two opposite edges are not supported at all.
- In case of mono-directional load bearing cover the load bearing direction must be parallel with one of the edges of the sub-cover.
- In case of mono-directional load bearing cover perpendicular to the load bearing direction the edges should be fully supported (the other two edges are unconcerned).
For force loads, if any of the conditions are not met, the distribution will be performed like in previous versions.
Converted loads displayed as results
Converted loads are added as a new item to “Load cases” results. They are displayed in a similar way as reaction/connection line results.
Both converted loads and their resultant can also be displayed by components. The components are meant in local coordinate system of the supporting structural element.
Components and calculated load (called as Resultant in ‘Display option’ dialog) can be hidden by using Display option dialogs components checkbox and buttons.
In order to clearly show which side of the support line was the load converted from, the converted load is offset to that direction. Offset distance can be set in the Display options dialog, too.
Erase timber apex
A new Erase apex option is implemented for apex. It deletes the selected apex and resets the timber bars to original state.
Different creep factor for ULS,Sc, Sf and Sq combinations
For usual structures, Eurocode handles effect of creep differently by distinct limit states, especially the examination of the long term deformations in the quasi-permanent limit state.
EN 1990 A1.4.3 (6): Long term deformations due to shrinkage, relaxation or creep should be considered where relevant, and calculated by using the effects of the permanent actions and quasi-permanent values of the variable actions.
To fulfill these conditions, the creep coefficient settings are improved in FEM-Design:
- Concrete material / Application data was supplemented by distinct Creep coefficients for U/Ua/Us, Sq, Sf, Sc.
- Timber material / Application data was supplemented by distinct kdef parameters for U/Ua/Us, Sq, Sf, Sc.
Result display and List Load case dialogs are similarly supplemented with there serviceability limit states.
For more information, see
- EN 1990 Annex A, Chapter A1.4
- EN 1992-1-1, Chapter 2.3.2.2
- EN 1995-1-1, Chapter 2.2.3
- Fink G., Honfi D., Kohler J., Dietsch P., Basis of Design Principles for Timber Structures, A state-of-the-art report by COST Action FP1402 / WG 1, 2018.
Dimensions for bar's cross section
FEM-Design can now show section dimensions as a tooltip in any Bar/Properties/Section tab, and as an image in Steel bar design detailed result.